Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) is a tropical fruit highly prized for its sweet and tangy flavor. Traditionally, inorganic fertilizers have been the go-to solution for boosting mangosteen productivity. However, recent findings suggest that vermicast—organic matter produced through the decomposition of organic waste by earthworms—can serve as an effective and environmentally friendly alternative.
Vermicast as a Fertilizer
Vermicast is packed with vital nutrients and beneficial microorganisms that improve soil health and promote plant vitality. Its application has been shown to enhance nutrient absorption, increase soil water retention, and stimulate robust root growth in various crops, including mangosteen. By using vermicast, growers can boost the overall health of their trees, leading to improved yields of better-quality fruit.
Case Study: Vermicast in Mangosteen Production
In Kidapawan City, a practical demonstration of vermicast use took place at the farm of Ruth M. Martinez, a Magsasaka Siyentista (MS). Martinez replaced traditional chemical fertilizers with vermicast in her mangosteen orchard, applying 5 kg of vermicast per tree every three months. As the trees entered the fruiting stage, she increased the application to 10 kg and later 20 kg per tree. The vermicast was produced on her farm by composting crop residues and goat manure.
The results were striking. Martinez’s mangosteen trees exhibited larger canopies with more branches, and the fruits were noticeably larger with smooth rinds. An analysis of her income revealed a significant boost, with an additional 1,025 kg of mangosteen harvested and sold at ₱150 per kg, generating an extra ₱153,750. Martinez also profited from the sale of 219 bags of vermicast, which sold for ₱250–₱400 per bag, and 555 kg of earthworms, priced at ₱300–₱500 per kg.
Scientific Insights into Vermicast Benefits
The positive impact of vermicast on mangosteen cultivation is supported by research. Studies have shown that the humic acids present in vermicast can enhance nutrient uptake, leading to better growth in mangosteen seedlings. These humic substances help improve the permeability of cell membranes, allowing the plants to absorb essential nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur. Additionally, vermicast can boost chlorophyll content and promote healthier root systems, which are crucial for the overall health and productivity of the mangosteen trees.
Conclusion
Replacing inorganic fertilizers with vermicast in mangosteen cultivation offers a sustainable solution for enhancing fruit production. The success seen at Ruth M. Martinez’s farm demonstrates the practical benefits of this method, and scientific research further affirms its effectiveness. For farmers looking to increase their mangosteen yields while promoting soil health, incorporating vermicast into their agricultural practices could be a game-changer.